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A headline is defined as:
STARS KEYWORD PRIORITY TITLE TAGS
is a string starting at column 0, containing at least one asterisk and ended by a space character. The number of asterisks is used to define the level of the headline. It’s the sole compulsory part of a headline.
is a TODO keyword, which has to belong to the list defined in org-todo-keywords-1,
which contains all ‘TOOD’ and ‘DONE’ keywords in a buffer. Case is significant.
is a priority cookie, i.e. a single letter preceded by a hash sign # and enclosed within square brackets.
can be made of any character but a new line. Though, it will match after every other part have been matched.
is made of words containing any alpha-numeric character, underscore, at sign, hash sign or percent sign, and separated with colons.
If the first word appearing in the title is “COMMENT”, the headline will be considered as “commented”. Case is significant.
If the headline’s title is the value contained in org-footnote-section
(e.g. “Footnotes”), it will be considered as a “footnote section”. Case is significant.
If “ARCHIVE” is one of its tags, it will be considered as “archived”. Case is significant.
A headline contains directly one section (optionally), followed by any number of deeper level headlines.