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major-mode
Symbol for current buffer’s major mode. This variable is set automatically; you should not change it yourself.
The default or global value is ‘fundamental-mode’. The default value of
major-mode determines the major mode to use for files that do not specify a
major mode, and for new buffers created with ‘C-x b’. You can change this
default value via the ‘Customization’ interface (see Easy Customization), or
by adding a line like this to your init file (see Init File):
(setq-default major-mode 'text-mode)
If the default value of major-mode is ‘nil’, the major mode is taken from
the previously current buffer.
To view the documentation for the current major mode, including a list of its
key bindings, type ‘C-h m’ (describe-mode).
describe-mode
Display documentation of current major mode and minor modes. A brief summary of the minor modes comes first, followed by the major mode description. This is followed by detailed descriptions of the minor modes, each on a separate page.